Architecture

Considering the existing problem in the conservation planning of traditional architecture and settlements' features in China, there is a huge gap between general design and detailed implementation caused by the deviation of comprehension. In this study on Gunanjie Street, in Yixing, China, a new building facade description and evaluation system has been developed by using the intelligent information data technology to code and describe the morphological features of historical characteristic as the database and using the data mining to extract rules of traditional facade elements and their combination modes. Accordingly, the referable facades were generated by program, contributing to establish the acceptance evaluation and compensation decision.

As the world’s population continues  to expand, implementation of resource-efficient measures in all
areas of human activity is imperative. The built environment (BE) to which the construction industry
belongs is not an exception to this. The BE is one clear example of the impact of human activity on
resources. These gave rise to Green Buildings (GB). GB is the foundation of sustainable construction and
building development. These clearly indicate that GB is a major response to ensure environmental
sustainability. Despite all these glaring challenges and drastic measures, GB developments and sustainable
practices are embraced very slowly and practiced at slow pace in the Nigeria’s construction industry. This
is worrisome and is due to some factors affecting such pace. The aim of this paper is to identify and discuss
Green building as a concept and means of achieving environmental sustainability in Nigeria’s built
environment with a view exposing the Hindrances, the Drivers and Success Factors of GB concept and their
impacts on the Nigeria’s BE. Secondary sources of data were used to review literatures on the GB field,
which helps in identifying and narrowing the various factors that hindered, drive and make a GB
development to be successful. These were central to the discussions in this work. The research concluded
that, GB design, construction and operation is the major approach to ensure sustainable practice that ensures
sustainability of the built environment which ultimately goes in line with the United Nations’ outlined
Sustainable Development Goals.

Keywords: Built Environment, Drivers, Green building, Hindrances and Sustainability

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), officially known as
“Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” is a set of
17 "Global Goals" with 169 targets between them. Spearheaded by the United Nations
through a deliberative process involving its 193 Member States, as well as a global
civil society, the goals are contained in paragraph 54 United Nations Resolution of 25
September 2015. The Resolution is a broader intergovernmental agreement that acts
as the Post 2015 Development Agenda (successor to the Millennium Development
Goals). The SDGs build on the Principles agreed upon under Resolution, popularly
known as The Future We Want. Nigeria as a country as a developing country is faced
with severe development challenges “blown up” burgeoning population amidst
declining oil revenues, which is the mainstay of the country’s economy. Nigeria will
need to prioritize the goals in order to ensure it meet its targets. In Nigeria, adoption
the sustainable design is a challenge to the architect. This is because the
currentparadigm of thought treats building as an economic process, rather than an
ecological, social andcultural phenomenon responding to people’s needs and
aspirations. Such deeply entrenchedeconomic thought dominates social and cultural
concerns as well as the environment and thisposes an obstacle to achieving the
objective of sustainable design. The aim of this research work is to discuss and assess
the Sustainable development goals SDGs as perceived by the architects practicing
within the Nigeria’s built environment. Some of the factors hindering the SDGs arealso identified in light of the perceptions of the architect’s practicing in Nigeria’s built
environment. The main sources of data were from journals, conference / seminar /
workshop papers, text books, newspapers, magazines and the internet sources etc.,
which were used to review literatures that helped in identifying and discussing some
selected factors Hindering SDGs in Nigeria as perceived by the architects practicing
within Nigeria’s built environment.

Tourism and hospitality are the world’s major industries, they are also important socially, culturally and environmentally - for those who become tourists and for their hosts. Among these destinations in central Asia is Samarkand city in Uzbekistan. Samarkand is home to some of the world’s finest Islamic architecture, some of its most exotic bazaars and many of its friendliest people. However, human activities have severe impacts on the built environment. The aim of this study is to identify, and discuss the factors affecting the sustainable practices in tourism and hospitality of Samarkand. The secondary sources of data were used to review literatures in the field of sustainable practices in tourism and hospitality This research work discusses the sustainable practices in tourism and hospitality of the built environment of Samarkand, Uzbekistan. Some of the factors affecting sustainable practices are identified within the context of tourism and hospitality and the impacts of such factors on the built environment of Samarkand in Uzbekistan.